The Camera History and Basic Functions

1. Camera obscura is when inside a dark room, a hole is created in a wall. Light is focused through the hole, and the outside scene is projected on the other wall. The hole acted like a lens, focusing and projecting light onto the wall. 
2. An important invention in the 1700's is when Isaac Newton and Christian Huygens perfected the understanding of optics and the process of making high quality glass lenses.
3. Niepce's camera had a glass lens, a dark box, and film. 
4. In both our cameras now and old cameras, light passes through the lens, into the camera, and exposes the film.
5. Digital cameras capture the images with an electronic sensor called a CCD. Photographs are stored on computer memory devices.
6. Auto mode completely controls flash and exposure, program mode is point and shoot and you control the flash.
7. Portrait mode is used to blur out the background.
8. Sports mode is used to freeze motion, the camera will use the highest shutter speed that it can.
9. In manual mode the photographer must set both the shutter and the aperture.
10. The half press allows the subject in the photo to be more in focus because it lets the camera know to get ready to take a picture and start to focus.
11. No flash, used when you want to use natural light.
12. Auto flash, used when the camera thinks that you need a flash.
13. If there is too much light, the picture will be washed out.
14. If there is not enough light, the picture will be too dark.
15. A stop is when there is a change of light.
16. The planet with 2 suns is 1 stops brighter.
17. The planet with 4 suns is 2 stops brighter.
18. A longer shutter speed lets more light into the camera.
19. A shorter shutter speed lets less light into the camera.
20. The aperture controls the amount of light let into camera.
21. TO increase the amount of light that you let in, you would add more F-Stops.